Three nonfinancial segments of total reward: Application across cultures, implementation and challenges
https://ilokabenneth.blogspot.com/2014/10/three-nonfinancial-segments-of-total.html
Author: Iloka Benneth Chiemelie
Published: 20-October-2014
Introduction
Retaining employees is very important in the
business world because it defines the extent of competitive advantage that a
company can have in its market. This is because when companies retain employees
with huge potentials, sustainability in both production and profitability are
assured, which is a major plus for the company. Even in the mist of differences
in their approach, motivational thinkers of the early age such as Maslow
(1954), Herzber (1966) and Deci (1975) do agree on two distinct motivational subsystems
as: intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic are of the internal in terms
of the factors or feelings that defines people’s will and desire to achieve,
perform or become very much involved in activities. They are motivated by the
employees’ underlying need for competence and self-esteem, which can be done
without the influence or help of external forces. On the other hand, extrinsic
are those kind of motivation that stems from the working environment external
to the task, and they are normally stimulated by external rewards. This is
where financial and non-financial rewards come to play as they are both
extrinsic rewards.
Three
nonfinancial segments of total reward
There are numerous kinds of recognitions. In
accordance with research conducted by IDS (1999), there is no standard approach
when it comes to adopting financial recognition. This is because variance exist
in terms of the size and sector of the employer, and the objective of the
approach (take for instance when the company intends to recognize a particular
behavior, e.g. timeliness to work). In any case, the IDS still proceeded to
argue that the most influential factors determining the nature of any adopted
approach is organizational culture. The organizational culture determines the form
of recognition that will be most appropriate for them. In assessing their
evidence, the following methods stand out as the most widely used form of
non-financial recognition scheme and they are:
1.
Appraisal
2.
Vouchers
/ gifts
3.
Promotion
/ nomination
Implementation
across cultures
In this section, the three identified
segments of reward will be discussed in terms of what they actually mean and
how they are applied across culture.
Appraisal – this is the most fundamental level of
non-financial recognition and it comes in the form of simple personal
acknowledgement from the management to the employees, recognizing the fact that
they have performed well. Obviously, this form of appraisal is very easy
because it doesn’t cos much to just say “thank you.” In any case, good
management practice suggests that this should be done irrespective of the
reward approach adopted. For instance, my Boss (Mrs. Vivian) is very particular
with appraisal as she takes time to acknowledge the performance of employees
and encourage them to do more. On a personal ground, this is very motivating as
I feel energized being appraised by the boss in front of my colleagues. In any
case, it should be noted that this can lead to organizational conflicts and
politics especially in cases where a particular employee is constantly being
appraised even if the employee is performing well constantly. It can limit
knowledge sharing due to increased internal competitiveness.
Vouchers
/ gifts – besides
appraising employees, companies can be more direct by offering employees free
vouchers to attend shows, go shopping or holidays, or other gifts as an
appreciation of their efforts. This is also an effective approach in Nigeria.
For instance, the Nigerian government recognized the performance of “super
eaglets” s they won the under 17 world cup in Dubai by offering them national
recognitions, cash and houses as gifts as well as holiday packages. This is now
a major motivation for both the super eaglets to perform better in future
competitions, as well as the super eagles to perform well in the 2014 world cup
coming June (Brazil). Thus, it can be seen that the recognition of employees’
performance is not within the private sector only, but can extend to the
private sector. The issue here as noted by People Management (2004) is that the
HRM managers is normally the one deciding on what the employees will get, which
means that what employees get are not necessary what they want to get but
instead what the HRM managers want to get.
Promotion
/ nomination - for
their continued performance, employees are be nominated or promoted to higher
positions in the organization. While this does come with some financial
benefits, employees can still be promoted in some cases without financial
benefits (retaining their original salary (Michael, 2004). This is probably the
most difficult to implement as some culture (such as japan) demand that
employees be promoted based on their length of stay in the company and not just
on their performance. In my own company (Nigeria), promotions are based on
performance and not length of stay. For instance, I was promoted within just 4
months from marketing executive to brand manager. Also, I want to point out
that this can also be a case of circumstances and chance as my promotion was
because of the brand manager quitting the company, which left the position
vacant and I the most prominent to fill it. I was put on 1 month trial of which
I delivered and it landed me the job. Just like the appraisal, this can lead to
organizational conflict and politics. In my own cases, I have had direct
charges from colleagues that where they before me or feel that they cannot take
orders from me because they are older than I am.
Potential
challenges in implementation
From the above discussions, it can be seen
that are number of challenges are potentially possible in the course of
implementing these reward segments and they are:
Defining
value of the scheme – as
noted by IDS (2002), reward schemes are very effective when they are inclusive
of all staffs, but the inclusion of all staffs is difficult because the manager
cannot maintain close watch on all these staffs (especially in multinational
companies), which means that some well performing staffs can be ignored in the
process.
Credible
assessment guideline –
another issue comes in the form of instilling fairness in the procedural aspect
of the scheme. It is very important that process is robust, credible and
transparent irrespective of what form of reward is used. However, human nature
means that preferentialism is inevitable, which can become very challenging for
managers to assure fairness in the reward system.
Cultural
fit – as noted in the case of Japan, the way
non-financial rewards are viewed can be conflicting, which means that understanding
cultural fit of reward systems is a potential challenge and multinationals need
to know what is obtainable in their different markets.
Conclusion
From the above analysis, appraisal, voucher
and nominations remain the most adopted form of non-financial reward. However,
the fact that cash is not involved doesn’t make it easy to adopt as numerous
challenges occur in the course of implementing non-financial rewards. Cultural
fit is the most significant, which means that multinationals and even local
companies employees diverse cultural workforce needs to understand the
perception of cultural values of their workforce and align it with that of
their corporate culture in order to create the right environment for successful
implementation.
References
Income
Data Services (2002), ‘Employee recognition scheme’, IDS studies plus, Autumn
issue.
Maslow
A (1954), Motivation and personality, Harper and Row: New York.
Michael
S. (2004), ‘Non-financial reward: the most effective recognition?’. Available
at: http://www.employment-studies.co.uk/pdflibrary/mp4.pdf
[Accessed on: 3/29/2014]
People
Management (2004), ‘Reducing features’, People Management Magazine, 15 july.